機械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)是指通(tong)過(guo)一種機械設備對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的外形尺(chi)寸或性能(neng)進行改變的過(guo)程(cheng)。按加工(gong)(gong)(gong)方式上(shang)的差別可分為切削加工(gong)(gong)(gong)和壓力加工(gong)(gong)(gong)。

在生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，凡是(shi)改變生(sheng)產(chan)對象的(de)(de)(de)形狀、尺寸、位置和(he)性(xing)質等(deng)，使其(qi)成為(wei)成品或者(zhe)半(ban)成品的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)稱(cheng)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)。它是(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)主要部分(fen)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)又可分(fen)為(wei)鑄造、鍛造、沖壓、焊(han)接、機(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、裝(zhuang)配(pei)等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，機(ji)械制造工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)一般是(shi)指零件的(de)(de)(de)機(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)和(he)機(ji)器的(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配(pei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)總和(he)，其(qi)他過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)則稱(cheng)為(wei)輔(fu)助(zhu)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)，例如運輸、保管、動力供應、設(she)備維修等(deng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)又是(shi)由一個(ge)(ge)或若干個(ge)(ge)順(shun)序(xu)排列的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)組(zu)成的(de)(de)(de)，一個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)由有若干個(ge)(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步組(zu)成。