機械(xie)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)是(shi)指通過(guo)一(yi)種機械(xie)設備(bei)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)件的外形尺寸或性能進行(xing)改變的過(guo)程(cheng)。按加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)式上的差別可分為切削(xue)加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)和壓力加(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)。

在生產過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，凡(fan)是改(gai)變生產對象的(de)(de)形(xing)狀、尺(chi)寸、位置和(he)(he)性(xing)質等，使其成(cheng)為(wei)成(cheng)品或者半成(cheng)品的(de)(de)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)稱為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。它是生產過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)主要(yao)部分(fen)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又可分(fen)為(wei)鑄造(zao)、鍛造(zao)、沖壓、焊(han)接、機械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、裝(zhuang)配等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，機械制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)一(yi)(yi)(yi)般是指零件的(de)(de)機械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)(he)機器的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)總和(he)(he)，其他(ta)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)則稱為(wei)輔助過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，例如運輸(shu)、保管、動力供(gong)應(ying)、設備(bei)維修等。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)又是由一(yi)(yi)(yi)個或若干(gan)個順序排列的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序組(zu)成(cheng)的(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序由有若干(gan)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步組(zu)成(cheng)。