零部件加工(gong)軸類(lei)零件在各種機械設(she)備(bei)中(zhong)啟(qi)著傳(chuan)遞扭矩以及承受(shou)加載的作用(yong)，因此其對尺寸以及精度的要求極高。通常軸類(lei)零件從毛坯到成品需要經過多(duo)種工(gong)藝，同時也需要用(yong)到各種加工(gong)設(she)備(bei)。

軸(zhou)類(lei)(lei)零件(jian)的(de)(de)主要(yao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)是(shi)外表(biao)面(mian)(mian)和(he)常(chang)見的(de)(de)異形表(biao)面(mian)(mian)。因此，應根據各(ge)種精(jing)(jing)度等(deng)級和(he)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙度要(yao)求選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)較(jiao)合適的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)方法。基本(ben)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)可歸納(na)為四種。首先是(shi)從(cong)粗車到半精(jing)(jing)車，再到精(jing)(jing)車的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。這(zhe)類(lei)(lei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)非常(chang)適用于(yu)階梯軸(zhou)和(he)空心軸(zhou)等(deng)軸(zhou)類(lei)(lei)零件(jian)外圓(yuan)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)選(xuan)(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)(de)重要(yao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

第二中加工路線是先粗車到半精車、再到粗磨，后采用精磨的加工工藝。對于黑色金屬材料、精度要求較高、表面粗糙度要求小和需要淬火的軸類零件而言，這種加工路線是更好的選擇，因為精磨削是軸類零件理想的后續加工工藝。