機(ji)械(xie)加工(gong)是(shi)指(zhi)通過一(yi)種機(ji)械(xie)設備對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)的(de)外形尺(chi)寸或性能進行改變的(de)過程(cheng)。按加工(gong)方(fang)式上的(de)差(cha)別可分為切削加工(gong)和壓力(li)加工(gong)。

在生(sheng)(sheng)產過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中，凡是(shi)改(gai)變生(sheng)(sheng)產對(dui)象的(de)(de)形狀(zhuang)、尺寸、位置和性質等(deng)，使(shi)其成為(wei)成品或者半成品的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)稱為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)。它是(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)產過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)主要部分。工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)又可分為(wei)鑄造、鍛(duan)造、沖壓(ya)、焊接、機(ji)(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)、裝(zhuang)配等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，機(ji)(ji)械制造工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)一(yi)(yi)般(ban)是(shi)指零(ling)件(jian)的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)和機(ji)(ji)器的(de)(de)裝(zhuang)配工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)總(zong)和，其他過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)則稱為(wei)輔助過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)，例如運輸、保管、動(dong)力(li)供應、設備維修等(deng)。工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝過(guo)(guo)(guo)程(cheng)又是(shi)由(you)(you)一(yi)(yi)個或若(ruo)干(gan)個順序(xu)排列的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)組成的(de)(de)，一(yi)(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)由(you)(you)有若(ruo)干(gan)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)步組成。