零(ling)部件(jian)(jian)加工(gong)軸類(lei)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)在各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)機械設備中啟著傳(chuan)遞扭矩以及承(cheng)受加載的作用，因此(ci)其(qi)對尺(chi)寸(cun)以及精度的要(yao)求極高。通常軸類(lei)零(ling)件(jian)(jian)從毛坯到(dao)成品需(xu)(xu)要(yao)經(jing)過多種(zhong)工(gong)藝(yi)，同時也需(xu)(xu)要(yao)用到(dao)各(ge)(ge)種(zhong)加工(gong)設備。

軸類(lei)零件的(de)(de)主要(yao)(yao)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)是(shi)外表(biao)面(mian)(mian)和(he)常(chang)見的(de)(de)異形表(biao)面(mian)(mian)。因(yin)此，應根據各(ge)種精度等級和(he)表(biao)面(mian)(mian)粗糙度要(yao)(yao)求選擇較(jiao)合適(shi)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方(fang)法。基本的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)可歸納為四種。首(shou)先是(shi)從粗車(che)到(dao)半精車(che)，再(zai)到(dao)精車(che)的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。這類(lei)加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)非常(chang)適(shi)用(yong)于階梯軸和(he)空心軸等軸類(lei)零件外圓加(jia)(jia)(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)選擇的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)。

第二中加工路線是先粗車到半精車、再到粗磨，后采用精磨的加工工藝。對于黑色金屬材料、精度要求較高、表面粗糙度要求小和需要淬火的軸類零件而言，這種加工路線是更好的選擇，因為精磨削是軸類零件理想的后續加工工藝。