零部件(jian)(jian)加工軸(zhou)類零件(jian)(jian)在各(ge)種(zhong)機械設備中(zhong)啟著傳遞扭矩以及承受加載的作用，因此其對尺寸以及精度的要(yao)求極高(gao)。通常軸(zhou)類零件(jian)(jian)從毛坯到(dao)成品需要(yao)經過多種(zhong)工藝(yi)，同時也需要(yao)用到(dao)各(ge)種(zhong)加工設備。

軸類零件(jian)的(de)主要加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)表(biao)面(mian)是外(wai)表(biao)面(mian)和常見的(de)異(yi)形(xing)表(biao)面(mian)。因此，應根(gen)據各種精(jing)度(du)(du)等級和表(biao)面(mian)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)(du)要求選(xuan)擇(ze)較合適的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)方法。基(ji)本的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝可歸納(na)為四種。首先是從粗(cu)車到半精(jing)車，再到精(jing)車的(de)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。這類加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝非常適用于階梯軸和空(kong)心軸等軸類零件(jian)外(wai)圓(yuan)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)選(xuan)擇(ze)的(de)重(zhong)要的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝。

第二中加工路線是先粗車到半精車、再到粗磨，后采用精磨的加工工藝。對于黑色金屬材料、精度要求較高、表面粗糙度要求小和需要淬火的軸類零件而言，這種加工路線是更好的選擇，因為精磨削是軸類零件理想的后續加工工藝。