機械(xie)(xie)加(jia)工(gong)是(shi)指通過一種機械(xie)(xie)設備對(dui)工(gong)件(jian)的外形尺寸或性能進行改(gai)變(bian)的過程。按加(jia)工(gong)方式上的差(cha)別可(ke)分為切削(xue)加(jia)工(gong)和壓(ya)力加(jia)工(gong)。

在生產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程中，凡(fan)是改變生產(chan)(chan)對(dui)象的(de)形狀、尺(chi)寸、位置和(he)(he)性質(zhi)等，使其(qi)(qi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品或者半成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)品的(de)過(guo)程稱(cheng)為(wei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程。它是生產(chan)(chan)過(guo)程的(de)主(zhu)要部分。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程又可分為(wei)鑄造(zao)、鍛造(zao)、沖(chong)壓、焊接、機(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程，機(ji)械制造(zao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程一(yi)般是指零件的(de)機(ji)械加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程和(he)(he)機(ji)器的(de)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程的(de)總和(he)(he)，其(qi)(qi)他過(guo)程則稱(cheng)為(wei)輔助過(guo)程，例如運輸(shu)、保管、動(dong)力(li)供應、設備維修等。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)(yi)過(guo)程又是由一(yi)個或若干個順序(xu)(xu)排列的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)，一(yi)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)(xu)由有(you)若干個工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)步組(zu)(zu)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。